Primary Research Methods   

Introduction

Primary research refers to collecting original data directly from the source through surveys, interviews, observations, experiments, and case studies. In qualitative research, Primary research is frequently employed, notably in survey techniques, questionnaires, focus groups, and other forms of interviews. Although quantitative primary research exists, it is not as common.

Here is a brief overview of the most commonly used primary research methods:

1. Surveys: Surveys involve collecting information from a large sample of respondents by asking them a set of standardized questions. Surveys can be conducted through various methods, such as online, by telephone, or in person.

2. Interviews: Interviews are a method of collecting data by asking questions directly to individuals or small groups. Interviews can be structured, semi-structured, or unstructured, depending on the level of control over the questioning.

3. Observations: Observations involve directly observing people or events in their natural settings to gather information about their behaviour, attitudes, or other characteristics.

4. Experiments: Experiments entail changing one or more factors to see how they affect the outcome. Experiment methodology can be conducted in a laboratory or the field, and volunteers may be randomly assigned to different circumstances.

5. Case studies: Case studies involve an in-depth analysis of a particular person, group, or situation to understand the underlying processes and dynamics.

Overall, the choice of primary research method depends on the research question, the type of data needed, and the available resources.

When to use primary research

Primary research is any research that you perform yourself. It might be as basic as a two-question survey or as in-depth as a multi-year longitudinal study. The only requirement is that you obtain the data personally. Primary research is frequently used to enhance or strengthen secondary research. It is often exploratory, focused on investigating a research subject when no prior information exists. Because of this, it is often known as original research.

Advantages and disadvantages of primary research

Primary research is an excellent choice for many research tasks but has specific advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages of primary research

Advantages include:

Disadvantages of primary research

References

Campbell, Stephen M., et al. "Research methods used in developing and applying quality indicators in primary care." Quality and Safety in Health Care 11.4 (2002): 358-364.