Steps for successful implementation of EBP in healthcare

Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) has been defined as “Integrating best available research evidence with information about patient preferences, clinical skill level and available resources to make decisions about care”.

Many models have been postulated to adopt EBP into healthcare, such as the ACE Star Model of Knowledge Transformation, Advancing Research and Clinical Practice Through Close Collaboration, Iowa Model, Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Model, Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services Framework, and Stetler Model. Although each model uses different narratives, it works around similar frameworks.

The workup includes framing a question, researching for healthcare data, critically evaluating the accumulated data and finally assimilating the findings and integration into clinical practice.2 The steps are summarized as follows:

Step 1: Frame clinical questions in PICOT format -Patient population of interest (P), intervention or area of interest (I), comparison intervention or group (C), outcome (O), and time (T)

Step 2: Research for the evidence using libraries such as MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane etc

Step 3: Critically examine the data for relevance, validity, reliability and applicability

Step 4: Amalgamate the evidence gathered with clinical proficiency, patient inclination, and feasibility.

Step 5: Monitor and assess the outcomes of the implementation of EBP

Step 6: Communicate and publicize EBP results.

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