A systematic review of Anti-vaccination conspiracy theories (CT) can be exposed using these lessons

Vaccination is the most effective public health technique for protecting individuals and communities from vaccine-preventable illnesses. According to the World Health Organization, worldwide vaccination coverage, such as the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine or the first-dose measles vaccine, has achieved an all-time high of 85%. (WHO). It is estimated that an extra 1.5 million deaths might be avoided each year if coverage were expanded. Even when there are no structural constraints, some people are hesitant or refuse prescribed immunizations (e.g., demanding access to healthcare or high immunization costs). To avert epidemics, vaccines must reach a substantial proportion of the population; hence, these individuals cannot be overlooked—the WHO recommended that measles vaccinations attain a 95% acceptance rate to preserve herd immunity.

Because of anti-vaccination conspiracy theories or misinformation, a tiny fraction of the population refuses immunization, putting public health at risk. We contend that just correcting facts is insufficient to counter conspiracy ideas. Instead, given that they are complex narratives rooted in personal and societal worldviews, they should be opposed to counter-narratives. A comprehensive assessment of the impact of pro-vaccine storey exposure on various vaccination outcomes based on studies and comparisons to identify existing narrative interventions to counter anti-vaccination conspiracy theories and, more broadly, map prerequisites for a narrative intervention to be successful. There were no narrative interventions that addressed conspiracy theories explicitly. This systematic study aimed to create recommendations for public communicators informing the public about vaccination. While it is undeniably their responsibility to provide accurate factual information to the public to combat anti-vaccination CTs and misinformation, we believe their messages would be more competitive if they were supplemented with narratives tailored using theoretically and empirically sound principles.

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