Common formatting errors in scientific journal submissions: A guide to avoid mistakes

• Incorrect manuscript structure: One of the most typical formatting blunders writers make is failing to adhere to the right structure of a scientific journal. Most research papers comprise an introduction, methods, findings, and a discussion section. The abbreviation IMRAD stands for Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion. Each part should have its own heading, and the content should be well-structured [4]. If you mix up sections or omit to include one, your content will be difficult to follow.

Always read the journal’s guidelines carefully to know what sections to include and where to place them [5].

• Improper Citation and Reference Style: Another common mistake is not using the correct citation and reference style. Different journals use different styles for citing sources. Some journals use the APA (American Psychological Association) format, while others may use MLA (Modern Language Association) or Chicago style. If you use the incorrect style or you fail to correctly format your references, your article may not be accepted [2] [3].

Always verify the publication’s guidelines to ensure that your citations and references follow its style. Missing references, poor facts, or inappropriate formatting can all result in rejection [6].

• Font and Spacing Issues: Many authors make the mistake of using the wrong font or spacing in their manuscripts. Most scientific journals require authors to use a specific font, like Times New Roman, in size 12, and double-spacing. If you use a different font or spacing, it can affect the readability of your article [6].

Pay attention to the journal’s guidelines about font type and size. Using the correct font and spacing will make your article easier to read and showcase your attention to detail [1].

• Improper Use of Figures and Tables: Figures and tables are important elements of scientific publications since they help to show data in a clear and orderly manner. However, many authors use them incorrectly. Some common problems include incorrectly identifying figures and tables, failing to reference them in the text, and duplicated data in both tables and figures [5].

Make sure all figures and tables are clearly labelled with titles and narratives and refer to them in the main body of your piece. Each figure and table should offer value to your research and assist in explaining your findings.

• Inconsistent Terminology and Abbreviations: Another common error in scientific writing is the use of inconsistent language or acronyms. When using an abbreviation, define it the first time you use it and then use it consistently throughout the piece. If you use acronyms in one section of your piece and then convert to full form later, your readers may become confused [4].

Be sure to use the same terms and abbreviations in the same way every time. If there are terms that need to be explained, do so clearly in the first instance.

• Neglecting Word Count Limits: Many publications place strict word count limitations on manuscripts. If your article is too long, it could be rejected right away. However, if it is too brief, it may lack sufficient information to be considered for publication. Always check the journal’s word count limit to make sure your paper fits within it [5].

When writing, focus on being concise and clear. Avoid including unnecessary information that does not contribute to your main points.

• Poor Abstract and Title Presentation: The title and abstract of your article are often the first things readers will see, so it is important to get them right. Your title should be concise, clear, and reflect the primary focus of your research. The abstract should outline the research’s purpose, methodologies, main findings, and conclusions [4].

Many authors make the error of adding too much background information in the abstract or not specifying the title appropriately. Make sure your abstract is succinct and directly relevant to your research, and your title is clear and useful.

• Failure to Include Required Sections: Journals often require certain sections to be included in your manuscript, such as acknowledgments, ethical considerations, and conflict of interest statements. Missing any of these sections can lead to delays or rejection of your manuscript [5].

Always read the journal’s submission guidelines carefully to make sure you include all the necessary sections. If the journal asks for specific statements, like ethics approval or conflicts of interest, make sure to include them in your article.

• Ignoring Submission Guidelines: Every journal has its own set of guidelines for manuscript submission, and many authors overlook these. Ignoring submission guidelines can lead to administrative rejection even before your article is reviewed by experts. Guidelines cover everything from how to format your manuscript to what file type to use when submitting it [5].

Be sure to carefully read and follow all the journal’s submission rules. These rules might include file format, cover letter requirements, and instructions for submitting additional materials. Following the submission guidelines will ensure that your article is considered for publication.